The foundations of the current museum building likely date back to the 17th century when, alongside the construction of the church under Prince Karl Eusebius of Liechtenstein, the Lower
Castle in Valtice was also formed, and the complex of several buildings served the economic administration of the Liechtenstein estates. At the end of the 19th century, the appearance of the houses on the square was unified, and the museum building underwent significant reconstruction. In the mid-20th century, this building housed the dormitory of the State Agricultural School, but in the 1970s, the building was closed and began to deteriorate. In the 1990s, the National Agricultural Museum acquired the building, and after extensive renovations, the exhibition from Lednice Castle was relocated here in 1994.
The building underwent another major renovation in 2018 and 2019, when, thanks to European funds, three new exhibitions were created, and the conditions for curators' work and the preservation of collection items in the depots were improved.
This project won third place in the "Museum Project of the Year 2019" category at the Gloria musaealis competition.